• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    onderdelen (108), dat een onderste evenwijdige balk 6 (112) bevat en een bovenste hydraulische zuiger (120) die in wezen evenwijdig is met de onderrste evenwijdige balk (112). De vouwbare maaier (18) kan verder een scharnier met ontkoppelbare delen (110) omvatten, die losmaakbaar en scharnierbaar het minstens één maaiervleugelframe (104, 106) losmaakbaar en scharnierbaar met het middelste maaierframe (102) verbindt. A harvesting machine (10) comprises a chassis (12) and a foldable mower (18) for cutting and picking up harvesting material, the foldable mower (18) being carried by the chassis (12). The foldable mower (18) includes a middle mower frame (10) and at least one mower wing frame (104, 106). The at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) is connected to the middle mower frame (102) by at least one folding mechanism with parallel parts (108) including a lower parallel beam 6 (112) and an upper hydraulic piston (120) substantially parallel to the lower parallel beam (112). The foldable mower (18) may further comprise a hinge with detachable parts (110), which releasably and hingedly connects and hingeably connects the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) to the middle mower frame (102).
    公开号:BE1022543B1
    申请号:E2015/5145
    申请日:2015-03-13
    公开日:2016-05-26
    发明作者:Vooren Sandor Van；Siegfried Vandergucht；Yvan C.C. Vandergucht
    申请人:Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    VQUW MECHANISM FOR WIDE WHEAT MOWERS
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    This invention relates to harvesting machines for use in agriculture (hereinafter referred to simply as harvesting machine (s)), and more particularly to foldable mowers of harvesting machines.
    A harvesting machine used in agriculture is known as a "combine harvester", a historically grown term since it combines several mowing and threshing tasks in a single machine, such as picking, threshing, separating and cleaning. A combine harvester contains a mower that removes the crop from a field, and a feed house that transports the crop into a threshing rotor. The threshing rotor rotates inside a perforated housing that can take the form of adjustable threshing baskets and perform a threshing operation on the crop to remove the grain. Once the grain is thirsty, it falls on a grain dish through perforations in the concave. From the grain bowl, the grain is cleaned using a cleaning system, and is then transported to a grain tank on board the combine. A cleaning fan blows air through the sieves to transport chaff and other particles of dirt to the rear of the combine. Non-grain harvesting material, such as straw from the threshing section, moves through a residual system that can use a straw chopper to process the non-grain material and direct it to the rear of and from the combine. When the grain tank becomes full, the combine is positioned near a vehicle in which the grain will be unloaded, such as a semi-trailer, self-unloader, a regular truck or the like, and a discharge system is operated on the combine to transfer the grain to the vehicle to bring.
    More specifically, a rotary threshing or separating system includes one or more rotors which can extend axially (from the front to the rear) or transversely within the body of the combine, and which are partially or completely surrounded by a perforated threshing basket. The harvest material is threshed and separated by the rotation of the rotor inside the concave. Coarser harvesting material that is not grain such as stalks / culms and leaves are transported to the rear of the combine and unloaded onto the field. The separated grain, together with a part of the finer harvesting material that is not grain, such as chaff, dust, straw and other harvest residues, is discharged via the concave and falls onto a grain dish where it is transported to the cleaning system. Alternatively, the grain and finer non-grain crop material may also fall directly onto the cleaning system itself.
    A cleaning system then separates the grain from the non-grain crop material and typically includes a fan that directs an airflow up and backward through vertically arranged sieves that move back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the machine. The air stream lifts the lighter, non-grain harvest material and brings it to the rear end of the combine to unload it in the field. Clean grain, which is heavier, and larger pieces of non-grain harvested material that are not carried away by the air stream, fall on a surface of an upper sieve (also known as a short straw sieve) where part of the clean grain or all of the clean grain by passes to a lower screen (also known as a cleaning screen). Grain and crop material that is not grain that remains on the upper and lower sieves are physically separated by the reciprocating action of the sieves as the material moves backwards. All grain and / or crop material that is not grain that remains on the surface of the upper sieve is discharged at the rear of the combine. Grain falling through the lower sieve ends up on a lower scale of the cleaning system, where it is further transported to a clean grain auger.
    The clean grain auger transports the grain to a grain tank for temporary storage. The grain accumulates until the grain tank is full and is unloaded in a neighboring vehicle such as a semi-trailer, self-unloader, a regular truck or the like by a discharge system on the combine that is operated to transfer grain to the vehicle.
    The crop pick-up capacity of the combine directly depends on the width of the mower, since the width determines that amount of crop that the combine encounters as the combine moves forward across a field. Flexibility can offer advantages to a mower with a considerable width to be able to follow contours of the ground. In order to comply with the width restrictions, it is furthermore often necessary to completely remove the mower from the combine during road transport.
    What is required compared to the prior art is an effective way to provide a wide mower that offers flexibility and can pivot while in an operational mode, and is capable of folding into a compact configuration when it is in a transport mode.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    This invention provides a mower for use with a harvesting machine that offers flexibility and can pivot while in an operational mode and can collapse into a compact configuration when in transport mode.
    In one form, the invention is directed to a harvesting machine that includes a chassis and a foldable mower for cutting and picking up crop material, the foldable mower being carried by the chassis. The foldable mower contains a middle mower frame and at least one mower wing frame. The at least one mower wing frame is connected to the middle mower frame by at least one parallel-mechanism folding mechanism including a lower parallel beam and an upper parallel hydraulic piston substantially parallel to the lower beam.
    An advantage of this invention is that the foldable mower can be collapsed into a compact configuration when the mower is in a transport mode while offering flexibility and pivoting while in an operational mode.
    Another advantage is that, in an embodiment with hinges with detachable parts cooperating with the at least one folding mechanism with parallel parts, the hinges with detachable parts exhibit great lateral rigidity while providing vertical flexibility and articulation in the operational mode, and the possibility to close to a compact configuration in the transport mode.
    Another advantage is that the foldable mower allows the use of rotating reel sections and jack sections with a consistent diameter.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The above and other features and advantages of this invention and the way to achieve them will become more apparent and the invention may be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention, together with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
    Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a harvester in the form of a combine harvester;
    Figure 2 is a front view of the harvesting machine of Figure 1 with an embodiment of a foldable mower with a folding mechanism according to the present invention, in an operational mode;
    Figure 3 is a front view of the embodiment of a foldable mower with a folding mechanism according to the present invention of Figure 2, showing the mower wings "floating" up and down to track changes in the terrain;
    Figure 4 is a front view of the embodiment of a foldable mower with a folding mechanism according to the present invention of Figures 2 and 3 showing the left-hand mower wing with the uncoupled hinge with the releasable parts in preparation for folding into a transport mode, and the right-hand mower wing folded into a transport mode;
    Figure 5 is a front view of the harvesting machine of Figure 1 with a second embodiment of a foldable mower with a folding mechanism according to the present invention, in an operational mode; and
    Figure 6 is a front view of the second embodiment of a foldable mower with a folding mechanism according to the present invention of Figure 5, showing the right-hand mower wing during the folding process into a transport mode, and the left-hand mower wing folded into a transport mode.
    Corresponding references (numbers and letters) indicate corresponding parts throughout the different views. The examples set forth herein illustrate embodiments of the invention and such examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The terms "grain", "straw" and "non-threshed ears" are used throughout this specification primarily for convenience, but it is to be understood that these terms are not intended to be limiting. Thus, "grain" refers to that part of the crop material that is threshed and separated from the part of the crop material to be discarded which is referred to as crop material that is not grain, MOG (material that is not grain) or straw. Incomplete threshed harvest material is called "non-threshed ears". Also the terms "forward", "backward", "left" and "right" when used in connection with the harvesting machine and / or parts thereof are usually determined with reference to the forward driving direction of the harvesting machine during its operation, but again, they should not be interpreted as limiting terms. The terms "lengthwise" and "transversely" are determined relative to the length direction of the harvesting machine and should not be seen as limiting.
    With reference now to the drawings and more particularly to Figure 1, a harvesting machine is shown in the form of a combine harvester 10, which generally has a chassis 12, wheels 14 and 16 contacting the ground, a mower 18, a supply housing 20, an operator cabin 22, a threshing and separation system 24, a cleaning system 26, a grain tank 28, and a discharge transport system 30. The discharge conveyor system 30 is illustrated as a discharge auger, but can also be configured as a belt conveyor, a chain elevator, etc.
    The front wheels 14 are larger flotation-type wheels and the rear wheels 16 are smaller steerable wheels. The driving force is selectively applied to the front wheels 14 by a power source in the form of a diesel engine 32 and a transmission (not shown). Although the combine harvester 10 is shown with wheels, it is also to be understood that the combine harvester 10 may contain tracks, e.g., full or half tracks.
    The mower 18 is mounted on the front of the combine harvester 10 and includes a cutter bar 34 for cutting off crops from a field while advancing the combine harvester 10. A rotary reel 36 supplies crop to the mower 18, and a jack 38 feed the cut crop laterally inwardly from each side of the feed housing 20. The feed housing 20 transports the cut crop to the threshing and separation system 24, and is selectively movable vertically with the aid of suitable actuators, e.g. hydraulic cylinders (not shown) .
    The threshing and separation system 24 is of the axial flow type, and generally includes a rotor 40 that is at least partially enclosed by and rotatable within a corresponding perforated threshing basket 42. The cut crops are threshed and separated by the rotation of the rotor 40 inside the concave 42, and larger elements such as stems, leaves and the like are discharged from the rear of the combine 10. Smaller elements of the harvest material, including grain and non-grain harvest material, including particles lighter than grain, such as husks, dust and straw, are discharged through the perforations of the concave 42. Although the threshing and separation system 24 is illustrated As an axial flow type with a rotor, it is also contemplated to use this invention with other conventional threshing systems.
    Grain separated by the threshing and separating unit 24 falls onto a grain dish 44 and is further transported to the cleaning system 26. The cleaning system 26 may contain an optional pre-cleaning screen 46, an upper screen 48 (also known as a short straw screen), a lower screen 50 (also known as a cleaning screen), and a cleaning fan 52. Grain on the sieves 46, 48 and 50 has been subjected to a cleaning action by the fan 52 providing an air flow through the sieves to remove the chaff and other impurities such as dust from the grain by allowing this material to float in the air for releasing the mower 10.'s straw cap 54. The grain bowl 44 and the pre-cleaning screen 46 move back and forth around the grain and finer harvesting material that is not grain towards the upper surface of the upper screen 48. to transport. The upper sieve 48 and the lower sieve 50 are arranged vertically relative to each other, and also move back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the machine to distribute the grain on the sieves 48, 50, thereby allowing clean grain to influence of gravity falls through the openings of the seven 48, 50.
    Clean grain falls on a clean grain auger 56 which is placed transversely below and in front of the lower sieve 50. The grain auger 56 receives clean grain from each screen 48, 50 and from the lower bowl 58 of the cleaning system 26. The clean grain auger 56 laterally transports the clean grain to a generally elevated grain elevator 60 to transport it to grain tank 28. Non-thinned ears fall from the cleaning system 26 onto a jack for non-thinned ears 62. The non-thinned ears are transported via the jack for non-thinned ears 64 and the return auger 66 to the upstream end of the cleaning system 26 for a repeated cleaning action. The transverse jacks 68 on the bottom of the grain tank 28 transport the clean grain within the grain tank 28 to the unloading auger 30 to be unloaded from the combine harvester 10.
    The non-grain crop material continues through a remnant handling system 70. The remnant handling system may include a chopper, counter blades, a windrow, and a remnant spreader. .
    Now also with reference to Figure 2, a combine harvester 10 is shown and illustrated with an operator cabin 22 and a foldable mower 18 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The foldable mower 18 is generally divided into a middle mower frame 102, a right mower wing frame 104, and a left mower wing frame 106. The foldable mower 18 is illustrated in simplified representation, and not to scale, so that different lengths of the middle mower frame 102, the right-hand mower wing frame 104, and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 are considered, including a middle mower frame 102 of at least 25 feet (7.6 m) long and a right-hand mower wing frame 104 and a left-hand mower wing frame 106 both 10 feet (3 m) long for a foldable mower 18 with a total length of 45 feet (13.7 m), and a middle mower frame 102 of 40 feet (12 m) long and a right mower wing frame 104 and a left mower wing frame 106, both 10 feet (3 m) long for a foldable mower 18 with a total length of 60 feet (18 m). The right-hand mower wing frame 104 includes a right-hand cutter bar 34A, a right-hand rotary reel 36A, and a right-hand auger 38A, each shown partially cut away to show the folding mechanism 108 with parallel components behind it. The left-hand mower wing frame 106 includes a left-hand cutter bar 34C, a left-hand rotary reel 36C, and a left auger 38C, each of which is also shown partially cut away to show folding mechanisms 108 with parallel components behind them. The middle mower frame 102 includes a middle cutter bar 34B, a middle rotary reel 36B, and a middle jack 38B, each of which is also shown partially cut away to show the folding mechanisms 108 with parallel components behind them.
    Parts of hinges with detachable parts 110 are arranged in the corners below and on the outside of the middle mower frame 102 and in the corners below and on the inside of the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106. Further, parallel mechanism folding mechanisms 108 are provided which include lower parallel square bars 112 containing lower inner hinge points 114 for the square bars and lower outer hinge points 116 for the square bars and upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 with upper parallel inner hinge points 122 of the hydraulic piston and upper parallel outer pivot points 124 of the hydraulic piston. The lower outer pivot points 116 for the square beams move along slide rails 118, and the upper parallel outer pivot points 124 of the hydraulic piston are attached to a horizontal control mechanism 126 for the upper axis.
    The foldable mower 18 in Figure 2 is shown in an operational mode in which the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 are coupled to the middle mower frame 102 by means of. hinges with detachable parts 110, which may be configured such that the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 lock with the middle mower frame 102 while pivoting it about the longitudinal axis of the hinges with detachable parts 110. Figure 3 shows the way in which this first embodiment of the present invention enables the foldable mower 18 to pivot to follow contours of the ground of the terrain.
    Figure 3 again shows the combine harvester 10 with an operator cabin 22 and a foldable mower 18 divided into a middle mower frame 102, a right-hand mower wing frame 104, and a left-hand mower wing frame 106, according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 are again hingedly connected to the middle mower frame 102 by the hinges with detachable parts 110. For the sake of clarity of the illustrations, the cutter bars 34A, 34B, 34C, the rotating reels 36A, 36B are , 36C, and jacks 38A, 38B, 38C omitted. When the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 pivot up and down, the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 change in length between the upper parallel inner hinge points 122 for the hydraulic piston and the upper parallel outer hinge points 124 of the hydraulic piston, and can operate in a "floating" configuration, whereby a pressure is created to extend it when this movement is to be performed. The horizontal control mechanisms 126 for the upper axis remain substantially fixed. Meanwhile, the lower outer square hinge points 116 of the lower parallel square bars 112 can move freely in the longitudinal direction of slide rails 118 to pivot the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 up and down.
    Figure 4 shows the manner in which this first embodiment of the present invention is reconfigured from the operational mode to a transport mode. First, the hinges with releasable parts 110 are enabled to detach the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 from the middle mower frame 102. The upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the horizontal control mechanisms 126 for the upper axis cooperate to move the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 out of the middle mower frame 102. A lifting force is then generated by the lower parallel square bars. 112, which can be produced by any number of conventional mechanisms, such as electric motors acting on lower inner pivot points 114 for the square beams, hydraulic motors acting on lower inner pivot points 114 for the square beams, or hydraulic cylinders acting directly on lower parallel pivots square beams 112, or via a knee lever arrangement via lower inner hinge points 114 for the square beams. Since these mechanisms are common in industry, they are not illustrated. The lower outer hinge points 116 for the square beams can move to the upper end of the slide rails 118, where they are held in place by the gravitational force that forces them down on the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 as they are lifted up . Alternatively, lower outer pivot points 116 for the square beams can be operated to move to a preferred location in the longitudinal direction of the slide rails 118 during the lifting operation. As shown for the right-hand mower wing frame 104, the parallel mechanism folding mechanisms 108 continue to pivot until the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing frame 106 are above the middle mower frame 102, moving from the operational mode to the transport mode. During this process, it may be necessary for the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the upper axis horizontal control mechanisms 126 to move around certain angles and protrusions of the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and of the left-hand mower wing frame 106 beyond corners and protrusions of the middle mower frame 102 to pass.
    A second embodiment of the present invention in Figures 5 and 6 which again is a combine harvester 10 with an operator cabin 22 and a foldable mower 18, which is generally divided into a middle mowing frame 102, a right-hand mower wing frame 104, and a left-hand mower wing frame 106. For the sake of clarity of the illustrations, the cutter bars 34A, 34B, 34C, the rotary reels 36A, 36B, 36C, and the jacks 38A, 38B, 38B have been omitted. Instead of hinges with detachable parts 110, the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 5 and 6 relies only on folding mechanisms 108 with parallel parts to enable hinged contours of the terrain, and to move from the operational mode to the transport mode to move on and back. Therefore, the parallel-mechanism folding mechanisms 108 include lower parallel square bars 112 with lower inner hinge points 114 for the square bars and lower outer hinge points 116 for the square bars, and upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 with upper parallel inner hinge points 122 of the hydraulic piston and upper parallel outer pivot points 124 of the hydraulic piston. The upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 in this embodiment are attached to the upper parallel telescopically extending square beams 128 to increase the lateral stiffness.
    Like the first embodiment in Figures 2 to 4, the preferred embodiment of the invention in Figures 5 and 6 is transferred from the operational mode to the transport mode by means of. a lifting force generated via one of the lower parallel square bars 112 or upper parallel telescopic square bars 128, which can be generated by any number of conventional mechanisms, such as electric motors operating at inner hinge points 114 or 122, hydraulic motors acting on inner hinges pivot points 114 or 122, or hydraulic cylinders acting directly on lower parallel square beams 112 or upper parallel telescopic square beams 128, or through a knee lever arrangement via inner pivot points 114 or 122. Again, as these mechanisms are common in the industry, they become common not illustrated. As shown for the left-hand mower frame 106, the parallel mechanism folding mechanisms 108 continue to pivot until the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and the left-hand mower wing 106 are above the middle mower frame 102, moving from the operational mode to the transport mode. During this process, it may be necessary for the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the upper axis horizontal control mechanisms 126 to move around certain angles and protrusions of the right-hand mower wing frame 104 and of the left-hand mower wing frame 106 beyond corners and protrusions of the middle mower frame 102 to pass.
    In any of the first or second embodiments of the present invention, it is conceivable that each hydraulic system, electrical system, and drive system connected to each cutter bar 34A, 34B, 34C, the rotary reels 36A, 36B, 36C, and the jacks 38A, 38B, 38C are divided into sections for the middle wing, sections for the left wing, and sections for the right wing. Such distributed hydraulic, electrical and other drive systems are known in the art and are used on vertical foldable mowers, and are therefore not illustrated here.
    Although this invention has been described with respect to at least one embodiment, this invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This patent application is therefore intended to cover all variations and uses or modifications of the invention by making use of its general principles. Furthermore, this patent application is intended to cover such deviations from this disclosure that are possible within known or customary prior art practices to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS:
    A harvesting machine (10), comprising: a chassis (12); and a foldable mower (18) for cutting and picking up harvest material, the foldable mower (18) being carried by the chassis (12); characterized in that the foldable mower (18) includes the following: a middle mower frame (102) and at least one mower wing frame (104, 106); and at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) including a lower parallel bar (112) and an upper parallel hydraulic piston (120), the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) being substantially parallel to the lower parallel bar (112), wherein the at least one folding mechanism with parallel parts connects the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) to the middle mowing frame (102).
    [2]
    The harvesting machine (10) of claim 1, further comprising a hinge (110) with detachable parts that further detachably connects and hinges the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) to the middle mower frame (102).
    [3]
    The harvesting machine (10) of claim 2, further comprising a slide rail (118) connected to a lower outer pivot point (116) of the lower parallel beam (112) wherein the slide rail (118) and the lower outer pivot point (116) ) of the parallel beam cooperate to cause the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) to pivot around the hinge (110) with detachable parts when the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) pivots to follow contour of the terrain.
    [4]
    A harvesting machine (10) as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the hinge with releasable parts is oriented substantially longitudinally, and is placed at an angle at the bottom and on the outside of the middle mower frame (102) and at an angle at the bottom and on the inside of the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106).
    [5]
    A harvesting machine (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) can operate in a floating mode.
    [6]
    The harvesting machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) further comprises an upper parallel telescopic beam (128).
    [7]
    A harvesting machine (10) according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) further comprises a horizontal control mechanism (126) for the upper axis connected to an upper outer pivot point (124) of the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) and with the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106).
    [8]
    Harvesting machine (10) according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower parallel beam (112) is connected to the middle mower frame (102) in a lower pivot point (114) of a parallel beam, and a lifting force is applied to the lower parallel beam (112) around the lower inner hinge point (114) of a parallel beam to lift the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106).
    [9]
    A harvesting machine (10) according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one folding mechanism with parallel parts (108) can be operated to reconfigure the foldable mower (18) from an operational mode to a transport mode, wherein at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) is in a hinged connection with the middle mower frame (102), wherein the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) is generally positioned above the middle mower frame (102).
    [10]
    Harvesting machine (10) according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one mower wing frame (104, 106) further comprises a left-hand mower wing frame (106) and a right-hand mower wing frame (104).
    [11]
    The harvesting machine (10) of claim 10, further comprising a center cutter bar (34B), a center rotary reel (36B), and a center jack (38B) attached to the center mower frame (102), and a left cutter bar ( 34C), a left-hand rotary reel (36C), and a left auger (38C) attached to the left-hand mower wing frame (102), and a right-hand cutter bar (34A), a right-hand rotary reel 36A), and a right-hand auger (38A) that are attached to the right-hand mower wing frame (102).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US15/067,464| US9992924B2|2015-03-13|2016-03-11|Folding mechanism for wide wheat headers|
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